Englanti, syksy 2025 – yo-kokeen tehtävät ja ratkaisut

Read the text carefully and fill in each gap in English according to the clue and using the correct form in each sentence. If there is a grammatical term or no clue, a suitable grammatical item should be inserted.

When Julius Caesar took power in Rome, the Roman calendar had ceased to reflect the year accurately. The Julian reform made 46 BC 445 days long and replaced the intercalary month with an intercalary day to be inserted within February every four years. This produced a noticeably more accurate calendar, but it had an average year length of 365 days and six hours (365.25 days), which had the effect of adding about three-quarters of an hour every four years. The effect accumulated from inception in 45 BC until by the {{1}} (numeral) century the northward equinox was falling on March 10 or 11. Under Pope Gregory XIII, the leap year rule was altered: only centennial years evenly divisible by 400 are leap years. Thus, the years 1600, 2000, 2400, and 2800 are leap years, while 1700, 1800, 1900, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2900, and 3000 are {{2}} years despite {{3}} (be) divisible by 4. This rule makes the mean year 365.2425 days (365 d, 5 h, 49 min, 12 s) long. While this does not synchronize the years entirely, it would require a few thousand years to accumulate a day. So that the northward equinox would have the same date in the new Gregorian calendar as it had when the Council of Nicaea made recommendations in AD 325 (March 21), ten days were dropped so that October 5 became October 15 {{4}} (preposition) 1582. This reform took a few centuries to spread through the nations that used the Julian calendar, although the Russian church year still uses the Julian calendar.

In 1923, Milutin Milanković proposed to a synod of some Eastern Orthodox Churches at Constantinople that only centennial years that leave a remainder of 200 or 600 upon division by 900 would be leap years, decreasing the average year length to 365.242 days: these remainders were chosen to delay as much as possible the first year (after the year of 1923) that this calendar would disagree with the Gregorian calendar, which occurs in 2800. It was {{5}} (adopt + preposition) some Eastern Orthodox Churches, under the names Revised Julian calendar or New calendar, but was rejected by others.

Write a composition of 700–1,300 characters in English on the topic below, following the instructions. Spaces and line breaks are not included in the character count. Please note that the recommended minimum number of characters is 700. If you write less, it is very difficult to fulfill task requirements.

Motivational letter

A Finnish game development company is looking for a trainee. As part of the hiring process, they are asking applicants to write a motivational letter in English, explaining why they would be the best person to hire. Write your letter.

Write a composition of 700–1,300 characters in English on the topic below, following the instructions. Spaces and line breaks are not included in the character count. Please note that the recommended minimum number of characters is 700. If you write less, it is very difficult to fulfill task requirements.

Updating human rights?

The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights mentions: “The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.” (Article 16.3) Is family still a relevant unit in modern society, as people associate with each other as found families not bound by blood or legal bonds? Write a text exploring your views.

Write a composition of 700–1,300 characters in English on the topic below, following the instructions. Spaces and line breaks are not included in the character count. Please note that the recommended minimum number of characters is 700. If you write less, it is very difficult to fulfill task requirements.

Welcome to our school!

Your school is host to a group of international teachers coming to see what Finnish schools are like. You have been asked to give a welcoming speech, in which you should describe some of your own views. Write what you would say.

Write a composition of 700–1,300 characters in English on the topic below, following the instructions. Spaces and line breaks are not included in the character count. Please note that the recommended minimum number of characters is 700. If you write less, it is very difficult to fulfill task requirements.

Problem solving

What is the biggest problem humanity is facing right now? How would you solve it? Write a text describing the problem and your suggested solution(s).